Governments are increasingly using export controls to restrict the flow of AI-related technology across borders. The most significant example is the US framework of controls on advanced semiconductors and AI chips, which restricts sales to China and other countries deemed strategic competitors. These controls cover not just finished chips but also the manufacturing equipment and design software needed to produce them. The scope has expanded over time, with successive rounds tightening restrictions and closing loopholes. Other countries have followed suit or aligned with US controls. The Netherlands and Japan have restricted exports of advanced lithography equipment. China has responded with its own export controls on critical minerals used in chip manufacturing. For businesses, export controls create compliance obligations that can be complex and fast-moving. If you're selling AI products or services internationally, you need to understand which components, models, and capabilities are subject to restrictions - and these rules change frequently. Even if you're not directly in the semiconductor business, export controls can affect your access to compute, your ability to serve customers in certain markets, and the cost of the hardware your AI systems run on. Ignoring this landscape is not a viable option for any organisation operating internationally.